No issue has stressed the internal coherence of European identity more than migration. Not the euro, not Brexit, not Russian aggression — migration. Because migration makes the identity question concrete in a way that abstract debates do not: who belongs, what belonging requires, and who decides. The liberal position on migration and European identity is coherent but demanding. If European identity is grounded in values rather than ethnicity — in commitment to rule of law, democratic participation, individual rights — then membership is in principle open to anyone who adopts those values, regardless of origin.